Ema Razzak

Dear Mr. Razzak,

Please include following statement in the forwarding letter you will use while submitting drawings to Consultant:

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Kindly be informed that due to unavailability of American AISC Standard Hot Rolled WF & C - Sections in the market, we have proposed substitutes against the same. All substitute sections proposed are also Hot Rolled Sections but of a different standard, which are available in nearby countries / regions.

To support our case further we have attached the following:

Annex 1 - Summary Chart of all substitutions proposed

Annex 2 - AISC relevant pages containing data on the cross sections under consideration

Annex 3 - Corresponding data for substituted members

Annex 4 - Corresponding data for substituted Channel

You will surely find that in almost every case we have proposed Rolled Sections which are "higher", i.e. structural more conservative than the original AISC section given. Only in the instance of item # 4 of Annex 1, the original AISC beam is "higher" in size. However, please note the difference is considerably small and also this section is being used only in two stations out of eleven total.

Therefore, in light of the above, we hope to justify our use of these proposed sections and would be tremendously grateful to your esteemed offices, if your engineers could be kind enough to accept the same. 

Dear Mr. Razzak,

I have read consultant's letter dated 21st May 2014 and the only relevant points to reply against are in Point # 1 - Dwgs No. 004 & 008. Please send the attachment in my earlier mail to the consultant when sending.

Our replies are as follows:

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Drawing No. 004

The Main Girder section as per on Consultant's drawings, for all but two sites, is the W27 x 84 AISC section. Now, we have checked this beam and chosen the French Hot Rolled Section HEAA 700 or WPB 700 x 300 x 150 kg/m as a substitute. However, please note this is a serial designation of the beam. Actual size is as shown in Annex 1. 

There, one can easily check that our proposed size is in fact, "higher", i.e. structural more conservative than the original AISC section given, whether it is Moment of Inertia, Gross Cross-Sectional Areas, Flange Compactness, Minor Axis Inertia, Section Moduli, etc.

To make comparison easier, we have given a list of the most important structural physical properties of the cross section. Our chart in Annex 1 shows this comparison for each proposed size against its original AISC design size.

Drawing No. 008

The Intermediate & End Columns are both given as W21 x 122 AISC sections. In this case we have chosen the French Hot Rolled Section HEB 600 or WPB 600 x 300 x 212 kg/m beam as substitute. Again, as above, the actual size is as shown in Annex 1. Also in this case, one shall find, our proposed size, despite having flange width less by 14.3mm, is being structurally more superior in terms of cross-sectional properties. 

Here our request to your esteemed office is to re-consider the design parameters, in conjunction with assessing the supporting documents provided herewith, upon which we believe you shall find our sections suitable.

In general, kindly be informed that it is only due to unavailability of American AISC Standard Hot Rolled WF & C - Sections in the market, that we have proposed substitutes against the same. All substitute sections proposed are also Hot Rolled Sections but of a different standard, which are available in nearby countries / regions. 

To support our case further we have attached the following:

Annex 1 - Summary Chart of all substitutions proposed

Annex 2 - AISC relevant pages containing data on the cross sections under consideration

Annex 3 - Corresponding data for substituted members

Annex 4 - Corresponding data for substituted Channel

Therefore, in light of the above, we hope to justify our use of these proposed sections and would be tremendously grateful to your esteemed offices, if your engineers could be kind enough to accept the same. 

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Benguli Test

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Gate Lodge of Level Crossing

		TOMA CONSTRUCTION & COMPANY LIMITED							Date:05.02.2014
		TONGI BHAIRAB BAZAAR DOUBLE LINE RAILWAY PROJECT
		Gate lodge in Level crossing, Bill No 7, Subsection F, Ancilary works
Sub:		Information of Gate Lodge of Level crossing
Sl No	Ref No	Name of place/location	Chainage No		Type	Estimated Cost	Scope of works	Shop Drawing information		Remarks
			TBDLP Chainage	BR Chainage				Submit date	Approved date
1	T-5A	Bhairab-Kalikaprasad	N/A	234+808	A	260000	Extention with toilet
2	T-42	Srirampur Esat of Methikanda	13+125	247+050	C	260000	Acording to Drawing		01.01.2014
3	T-70	Arshinagar	30+090	264+050	C	550000	New Gate Lodge		13.01.2014
4	EA-73	Narsing Flyover	32+090	256+048	SP	520000	Extension with Signaling & Toilet
5	T-48	Jinardi	34+550	268+548	B	550000	New Gate Lodge		13.01.2014
6	E-68	Daripara	51+400	285+448	B	700000	New Gate Lodge		25.01.2014
7	E-70	Shimulia Near Br 89	54+050	288+040	B	700000	New Gate Lodge		25.01.2014
8	T-71	Pubail Bazar	55+090	289+050	B	550000	New Gate Lodge		02.02.2014
9	T-72	College Gate	56+690	290+648	B	520000	Extension with toilet
10	E-74	Mirer Bazar Bypass	58+390	292+348	SP	700000	New Gate Lodge		02.01.2014	Lublu
11	E-78	Nimtali	61+990	296+048	B	700000	New Gate Lodge		13.01.2014	Lublu
	Engr M A Razzak
	Site-in-Charge

Physics 102

Statics

Statics is the branch of mechanics that is concerned with the analysis of loads (force and torque, or "moment") on physical systems in static equilibrium, that is, in a state where the relative positions of subsystems do not vary over time, or where components and structures are at a constant velocity. When in static equilibrium, the system is either at rest, or its center of mass moves at constant velocity.
By Newton's first law, this situation implies that the net force and net torque (also known as moment of force) on every part of the system is zero. From this constraint, such quantities as stress or pressure can be derived. The net forces equaling zero is known as the first condition for equilibrium, and the net torque equaling zero is known as the second condition for equilibrium. See statically determinate.

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Engineering Mechanics

Resultants of Non-coplanar Force Systems

Non-coplanar force systems are described as follows. A concurrent system consists of forces that intersect at a point. A parallel system consists of forces that intersect at infinity. The most general system is called non-concurrent, nonparallel (or skew), and, as the name implies, the forces are not all concurrent and not all parallel.